Jordan lies at the head of the Gulf of Aqaba at the northern end of the Red Sea. It shares borders with Iraq, Israel, Saudi Arabia, Syria and the Palestinian West Bank. The Jordan Rift Valley separates Jordan from Israel and the Palestinian Territories.

Geographically Jordan can be divided into two regions; an arid plateau in the east, irrigated by oasis and seasonal water streams, with highland area in the west of arable land and Mediterranean evergreen forestry.

The climate in Jordan is semi-dry in summer with average temperature in the mid 30°C and is relatively cool in winter. The western part of the country experiences heavier rainfall in the winter and there can be snow in the capital Amman.

Jordan has large deposits of minerals including phosphates, potash, limestone and marble. It also has unexploited deposits of copper, uranium and shale oil.